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Week 6

Regional Economic Integration

Regional Trade Groups

 

INTRO * EU *  NAFTA * APEC *  CAIRNS

Week 6 - Index

Europe:

North & South America:

Asia:

Unified new Europe & its effect on the global village: Model for "The New Europe"1-Aman Agarwal. Finance India. Delhi: Sep 2003. Vol. 17, Iss. 3;  pg. 867
Abstract (Article Summary)
The author proposes the idea of building "Europe as a Nation" changing the face of "Europe" from being a continent. A nation may be a nation (with nation states as it's states) or a federalized nation (a form of supra-nation). This is the need of the hour and is also possible now with the current level of integration in Europe. There is relevant evidence towards building of such positioning of Europe. I have also focused on issues like formation of European Constitution, European identity, enlargement issue, proposal for setting up of a fiscal policy board, monetary policy of Europe as well as political consolidation and their effects on the global village. Winston Churchill, Aristide Briand and Charles de Gaulle had proposed the idea of building up a "kind of United States of Europe" way back in 1940s. The model would focus on smooth and profound growth of Europe with much less internal confrontation
American marketing in the European Union: Standardization's uneven progress (1973-1993)
Boddewyn, Jean J, Grosse, Robert. European Journal of Marketing. Bradford: 1995. Vol. 29, Iss. 12;  pg. 23, 20 pgs
Abstract (Article Summary)
A 1993 update of previous 1973 and 1983 surveys of US marketing policies in the new renamed and reshaped Economic Union reveals that the obstacles to standardization remain high, and that it has broadly, if not uniformly, decreased since 1983 - opposite to the trend between 1973 and 1983. Moreover, more marketing decisions by US firms are now made at the European level. Theoretical and managerial implications are drawn from these findings.
NAFTA at 10 -Celeste MacKenzie. Canadian Business. Toronto: Oct 14, 2003. Vol. 76, Iss. 19;  pg. 65
Abstract (Article Summary)
Today, despite some trade disputes and irritants, most Canadian business organizations say the deal has been a boon to our economy. "The whole idea of NAFTA has been to lift everyone up, and Canada has done much better under NAFTA," says Garth Whyte, executive vice-president of the Canadian Federation of Independent Business. "Most sectors have done well," he adds, "although many of our agricultural enterprises have been beaten up over the years." Canadian sectors that were thought to be in jeopardy from free trade, such as textiles and apparel, also report overall satisfaction with NAFTA. Earlier this year, the Canadian Council of Chief Executives, the Business Roundtable in the US and the Mexican Business Council jointly declared the agreement an "extraordinary success for all three countries."
NAFTA: Does it have any effect on the U.S.A. economy? -Syed Shahabuddin. International Journal of Management. Poole: Sep 2003. Vol. 20, Iss. 3;  pg. 306

NAFTA, the North American Free Trade Agreement, has been in existence for nearly six years. During that period of time critics and advocates have presented opposing points of view, deleterious and damaging or beneficial and advantageous. The difficulty is knowing where the truth lies because in addition to supporters and critics, there are neutral parties who have conducted research on the effect of NAFTA on the U.S. economy. As always happens in the case of very controversial topics statistics can be found to support either side. The purpose of this articles is to present both sides with data to support or nullify each point of controversy plus reports by neutral parties. Only by weighing the evidence from all sides can the controversy be resolved.
The Americas: Between rivalry and co-operation; Latin America and the United States -The Economist. London: Nov 29, 2003. Vol. 369, Iss. 8352;  pg. 67
 

A relationship in flux--

NEVER in America...has there been a matter requiring more good judgment or more vigilance, or demanding a clearer and more thorough examination." So said Jose Mart, Cuba's independence hero, of the first effort by the United States to unite the two halves of the Americas, at the Pan-American Congress in 1889. A century later, in Miami in 1994, Latin America's leaders (except Cuba's Fidel Castro) finally set aside their suspicions and endorsed George Bush senior's vision of a Free-Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA), from Alaska to Argentina, and of democratic co-operation with the United States.

AFTA and MERCOSUR at the crossroads: Security, managed trade, and globalization
Eul-Soo Pang. Contemporary Southeast Asia. Singapore: Apr 2003. Vol. 25, Iss. 1;  pg. 122
Abstract (Article Summary)
Small and medium-sized free trade agreements have inherent difficulties in growth and expansion in the global economy which amounts to more than US$30 trillion. Neomercantilist ASEAN's share of the global exports was 6.5 per cent in 2000, while that of neoliberal MERCOSUR was less than 2 per cent. Furthermore, the trade within ASEAN has not been growing for the past three decades, averaging about 20 per cent of the total volume. MERCOSUR's average has been on par with ASEAN's. This article argues that the two regional markets have reached the optimum point of intra-regional trade creation under the existing political economy models. Post-11 September security issues are further complicating the regional integration. The two regions need to revisit the existing inter-state alliance structure and invent new security regimes. The alternative is not whether the two regions must retain neomercantilism or reject neoliberalism; rather it is how to blend the two systems so that the model can satisfy the domestic political needs and at the same time enable economic growth in the next phase of globalization.
ASEAN plus three and the rise of reactionary regionalism -Mark Beeson. Contemporary Southeast Asia. Singapore: Aug 2003. Vol. 25, Iss. 2;  pg. 251
Abstract (Article Summary)
The course of regional integration in East Asia has been shaped by a complex mix of internal and external factors. Although the emergence of initiatives like "ASEAN Plus Three" appears to indicate that East Asia is assuming a more independent and regionally-oriented place in the international system, this paper argues that the future trajectory of ASEAN Plus Three, and of the region more generally, will continue to be constrained by internal tensions and-especially-by the continuing influence of the United States. In short, for the foreseeable future, East Asia will be marked by a form of "reactionary regionalism" in which regional initiatives are designed to mediate and moderate external influences.

Postings on week 6 readings- due Feb. 16th @12noon

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